Removal of emerging pollutants from water using enzyme-immobilized activated carbon from coconut shell

This work reports the removal of diclofenac, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and ciprofloxacin by utilizing three commercially available granular activated carbons (GACs) (Activated carbon, Silcarbon, Donau) loaded with laccase. Adsorption was used to successfully immobilize laccase on GACs, as revealed scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In types GACs tested, pH 5, 30 °C, 2 mg mL?1 content were found be optimum immobilization parameters. Laccase yields 65.2%, 63.1%, 62.9% achieved Donau respectively. The adsorption behaviors pharmaceuticals onto tested are best described a spontaneous endothermic process that follows Langmuir isotherm first-order kinetics. reusability immobilized enzyme evaluated using 2, 2?-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) substrate within six cycles for all adsorbents. 120 mins, nearly complete pharmaceutical compounds (50 L?1) obtained in case carbon type more than 90% other adsorbent when synergistic enzymatic degradation applied. With alone, 74% < 56% finding this study suggests biochar produced from coconut shell (same one study) can effectively removal. physical system has potential applied large-scale.